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Welcome!
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Welcome to The DisCO Deck Wiki!
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I'll keep adding links to relevant pages here as I finish them.
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The DisCO Deck project is a platform to help (Dis)tributed (C)o-operative (O)rganizations in implementing their governance; flows of value from raw material, labor, to finished product; and other aspects of DisCOs. Currently, tracking all of the issues and flows is difficult because many aspects are siloed into specific tools or locked into other networks of value (like time tracking software, document editing software, specific currencies, social networks, etc.). The goal of this project is iterative streamlining of DisCO operation.
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## DisCOs
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If you're wondering, _What is a DisCO?_, here's a quick answer:
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It's a Distributed Co-operative Organization with DNA that embodies
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1. [Commons/P2P](https://primer.commonstransition.org/) — "Self-organised systems stewarding resources to meet human needs while leveraging the power of networks."
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1. [Open Co-operativism](https://primer.commonstransition.org/1-short-articles/1-5-what-is-open-cooperativism) — "Combining Open Source and Commons principles with those of the co-operative and social solidarity movements."
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1. [Open Value Accounting](https://commonstransition.org/lynn-foster-on-open-value-accounting-and-network-resource-planning/) — "Enables value sovereignty by rewarding meaningful contributions to projects, rather than wage labour."
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* Also see [P2PF wiki. Open Value Accounting.](https://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/Open_Value_Accounting)
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1. [Feminist Economics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist_economics) — "Challenges normative economic abstractions while factoring reproductive and care work."
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* Also see [this series at The Guardian](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/series/feminist-economics).
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All of the quotes came from:
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[Stacco Troncoso and Ann Marie Utratel. (2020) Care before Code: Supporting the Development of Distributed Co-operative Organisations (DisCOs). Platforming Equality: policy challenges for the digital economy. Autonomy. 22 Sept.](https://autonomy.work/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Troncoso-and-Utratel.pdf)
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There are also some videos for you to sit back and watch:
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* [A (very) short guide to DisCOs: Distributed Cooperative Organizations](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=60bZmRtA6LQ&list=PLdoIIisE_MoPJ3RZzA5se6Hyh1c3p4kOG)
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* [Lisha Sterling on DisCO.coop, Value Flows and Future Economies](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wcm77AAagTM)
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## ValueFlows
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When we talk about flows of value, the technical vocabulary is pulled from ValueFlows. This is really simply a vocabulary that shows how agents transform resources into other resources. Rinse, repeat. ValueFlows happens to be based on an existing ontology, REA (resource, event, agent).
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A simple example of a circular ValueFlow would be:
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1. A farmer harvests coffee fruits from their coffee trees.
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1. A farmer processes the coffee fruits with water resulting in the raw seeds (beans) being eventually extracted from the fruit.
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1. A farmer sells the green coffee beans to a roaster.
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1. The roaster roasts delectable small batch roasts which the sell at a farmers market.
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1. A coffee drinker exchanges a small fee for the roasted coffee.
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1. As the coffee drinker produces brewed coffee they produce coffee grinds which they store in a bucket.
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1. As the coffee drinker drinks the coffee they transform their mood and [transform the coffee into mathematical theorems](https://onartandaesthetics.com/2016/10/13/a-machine-for-turning-coffee-into-theorems/).
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1. A farm worker comes by and picks up the coffee grinds from all of the coffee drinkers in town and takes it back to the farm where the coffee was grown.
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1. The coffee grounds are incorporated into compost which is applied to the soil around the trees.
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These videos have some context on ValueFlows:
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* [ValueFlows: A vocabulary for the distributed economic networks of the next economy](https://valueflo.ws/)
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* [Open Climate Dialogue 2 | Working Group Onboarding & Breakout Session | N. Thorpe, T. Brastaviceanu](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSF0Klk86ks) — This video is interesting since it has Lynn talking about ValueFlows along with other people who working in similar spaces, sometimes even on similar projects.
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Links:
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* [The ValueFlows Issue Board](https://lab.allmende.io/groups/valueflows/vf-app-specs/-/issues)
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* [holo-rea/holo-rea](https://github.com/holo-rea/holo-rea) — A ValueFlows / REA economic network coordination system implemented on Holochain & GraphQL.
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* [REA learning material trove](https://github.com/holo-rea/ecosystem/wiki/REA-learning-material-trove) — "An (incomplete) consolidation of works relevant to REA accounting, ValueFlows and the various implementations thereof." Despite being incomplete, it is rather comprehensive.
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* [bonfire-ecosystem/bonfire-app](https://github.com/bonfire-ecosystem/bonfire-app) — Your plug and play federated network. See [bonfire.cafe](https://bonfire.cafe/). This is the refactored app (previously CommonsPub) coming from bonfire.
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* [Bonfire (AKA Commons Pub) ValueFlows Extension]( https://gitlab.com/bonfire-ecosystem/Server/-/tree/extension/valueflows/lib/extensions/value_flows)
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## Interledger
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Interledger is a protocol stack for routing and clearing payments through a distributed financial architecture and automatically settling those payments through many possible underlying systems, which may not even include blockchain. It is akin to the Automated Clearing House (ACH) in the USA, the EBA Clearing network in the Single European Payment Area (SEPA), AusPayNet in Australia, VisaNet, and SWIFT for international transfers. It is more flexible in its design the the above, and can actually be seen as an upgrade to ISO8583 (financial card spec with a hierarchical addressing scheme, like a credit card).
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Within a local network, Interledger can facilitate the accounting for transfer of value between each resource specification in a ValueFlow. However, this requires each entity creating resource specifications to create a reserve account with an asset code for each type of resource specification along with a conversion rate to the asset code for the local currency in which value flows between organizations.
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The basic technical flow:
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* To initiate a payment, the application layer (likely a wallet) looks up a dynamically created Interledger protocol (ILP) address and shared secret by using the Payment Pointer spec and SPSP (simple payment setup protocol) over TLS.
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* With the ILP address and shared secret it can initiate a connection through a tunnel to it's local connector.
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* Once it is connected it can use ILDCP to know the asset code (essentially the local currency or token used) and asset scale (a number determining the power of ten to represent the minimum denomination, like 2 for 0.01) and begin negotiating a payment.
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* A route is either found or not found to the final address while beginning to negotiate the payment.
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* The applications communicate with the network with the STREAM protocol over ILP.
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* Data and payment packets are routed over the negotiated route(s) to the final address.
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* Payment is cleared through the ILP network.
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* At mostly regular intervals, the connector nodes use their settlement engines to settle their balances between them.
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* When the final wallet wants to claim the funds transferred to their ILP address, the settlement engine needs to initiate a transaction from the connector's reserve into the receiver's wallet, limited by the unclaimed amount in associated with the dynamically created ILP addresses and shared secret. This step might happen daily, hourly, or whenever a convertible amount of value streams into the account.
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* [Interledger Onboarding](interledger) |
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