CICD data partition sub-tasks
## Description
`ci_builds_metadata`, `ci_builds`, `ci_job_artifacts` tables are currently very large. We process around 500k builds each day in `ci_builds`, and we not only do have a ton of rows in the `ci_builds` table, it is also very wide - more than 50 columns.
## Problems
We do have a bunch of problems with the `ci_builds` table, it affects our velocity of development too.
- we can no longer migrate data in this table
- we can no longer add columns because we already do have more than 50
- we get statement timeouts in many places in the application
- it is using [STI](https://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/Inheritance.html)
## Proposal
Proposal is going to be described in the architectural blueprint for `ci_builds` table :arrow_right: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/52203
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