Post-deploy migration failed on gprd

A post-deploy migration has failed on gprd:

  stderr: |-
    rake aborted!
    StandardError: An error has occurred, all later migrations canceled:
  
    PG::NoActiveSqlTransaction: ERROR:  LOCK TABLE can only be used in transaction blocks
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migration_helpers.rb:1348:in `block in execute_add_concurrent_foreign_key'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/with_lock_retries.rb:123:in `run_block'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/with_lock_retries.rb:158:in `run_block_without_lock_timeout'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/with_lock_retries.rb:110:in `rescue in run'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/with_lock_retries.rb:98:in `run'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migrations/lock_retries_helpers.rb:52:in `with_lock_retries'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migration_helpers/v2.rb:99:in `with_lock_retries'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migration_helpers.rb:1347:in `execute_add_concurrent_foreign_key'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migration_helpers.rb:276:in `add_concurrent_foreign_key'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/partitioning_migration_helpers/foreign_key_helpers.rb:82:in `block in add_concurrent_partitioned_foreign_key'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/postgres_partitioned_table.rb:28:in `each_partition'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/partitioning_migration_helpers/foreign_key_helpers.rb:81:in `add_concurrent_partitioned_foreign_key'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/db/post_migrate/20240212031600_add_fk_for_commit_id_bigint_between_p_ci_builds_and_ci_pipelines.rb:17:in `up'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migration_helpers/restrict_gitlab_schema.rb:33:in `block in exec_migration'
    /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/query_analyzer.rb:40:in `within'

Job log https://ops.gitlab.net/gitlab-com/gl-infra/deployer/-/jobs/12838825