Add PostgreSQL 14 builds

What does this MR do?

Adds postgres 14 to the builds in order to test our support of it.

Related issues

• Relates to:
  • Research spike: Adding support for PG14 (#7396 - closed)
  • Update the default postgresql to PG 13 or 14 (gitlab-org/charts/gitlab#4118 - closed)
  • Remove PostgreSQL 12 from Omnibus (#7395 - closed)
  • Add postgres removal warning for PG12 in GitLab... (#7394 - closed)
• Closes #7702 (closed)

Checklist

See Definition of done.

For anything in this list which will not be completed, please provide a reason in the MR discussion

Required

• Merge Request Title, and Description are up to date, accurate, and descriptive
• MR targeting the appropriate branch
• MR has a green pipeline on GitLab.com
• Pipeline is green on dev.gitlab.org if the change is touching anything besides documentation or internal cookbooks
• trigger-package has a green pipeline running against latest commit

Expected (please provide an explanation if not completing)

• Test plan indicating conditions for success has been posted and passes
• Documentation created/updated
• Tests added
• Integration tests added to GitLab QA
• Equivalent MR/issue for the GitLab Chart opened

config/patches/postgresql/no_docs.patch

---- GNUmakefile.in.original     2016-12-19 06:01:36.664961781 -0500
-+++ GNUmakefile.in      2016-12-19 06:02:15.872961781 -0500
-@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
+diff --git a/GNUmakefile.in b/GNUmakefile.in
+index 2352fc1..0191427 100644
+--- a/GNUmakefile.in
++++ b/GNUmakefile.in
+@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ $(call recurse,all install,src config)
  docs:
-        $(MAKE) -C doc all
-
+ 	$(MAKE) -C doc all
+ 
 -$(call recurse,world,doc src config contrib,all)
 +$(call recurse,world,src config contrib,all)
- world:
-        +@echo "PostgreSQL, contrib, and documentation successfully made. Ready to install."
-
-@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
+ 
+ # build src/ before contrib/
+ world-contrib-recurse: world-src-recurse
+@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ html man:
  install-docs:
-        $(MAKE) -C doc install
-
+ 	$(MAKE) -C doc install
+ 
 -$(call recurse,install-world,doc src config contrib,install)
 +$(call recurse,install-world,src config contrib,install)
- install-world:
-        +@echo "PostgreSQL, contrib, and documentation installation complete."
+ 
+ # build src/ before contrib/
+ install-world-contrib-recurse: install-world-src-recurse