Port of '47865-access-token-for-projects-fe' to EE

What does this MR do?

Ports this MR to EE: gitlab-ce!20332

Why was this MR needed?

gitlab-ce#47865

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

• [ ] Changelog entry added, if necessary
• [ ] Documentation created/updated
• [ ] API support added
• Tests added for this feature/bug
• Conforms to the code review guidelines
  • Has been reviewed by a UX Designer
  • Has been reviewed by a Frontend maintainer
  • Has been reviewed by a Backend maintainer
  • [ ] Has been reviewed by a Database specialist
• EE specific content should be in the top level /ee folder
• Conforms to the merge request performance guidelines
• Conforms to the style guides
• Conforms to the database guides
• If you have multiple commits, please combine them into a few logically organized commits by squashing them
• Internationalization required/considered
• If paid feature, have we considered GitLab.com plan and how it works for groups and is there a design for promoting it to users who aren't on the correct plan
• End-to-end tests pass (package-and-qa manual pipeline job)

What are the relevant issue numbers?

gitlab-ce#47865