CODEOWNERS blob fetch during CI variable expansion fails job delivery on Gitaly deadline (scheduler_failure, 0-byte trace)
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## Summary
A Gitaly `GRPC::DeadlineExceeded` while fetching the CODEOWNERS blob during CI variable expansion causes `POST /api/v4/jobs/request` to drop the build as `scheduler_failure` after ~12 seconds, with a 0-byte trace. The job is never delivered to a runner.
On 2026-08-13 this produced **1,409** occurrences on `gitlab-org/gitlab` alone, and was the dominant cause of that day's CI-health spike, where `no_trace_available` reached 11.9% of all analysed job failures (surfaced in gitlab-org/gitlab#616307).
## Call path
```
Ci::RegisterJobService#present_build!
→ Ci::BuildRunnerPresenter#runner_variables
→ EE::MergeRequest#merge_request_approval_variables
→ ApprovalState#approved? → all_approval_rules_approved?
→ ApprovalWrappedCodeOwnerRule#branch_requires_code_owner_approval?
→ Gitlab::CodeOwners.optional_section? → CodeOwners::Loader#code_owners_file
→ EE::Repository#code_owners_blob → Repository#blobs_at
→ Gitlab::Git::Repository#batch_blobs → Gitaly
→ GRPC::DeadlineExceeded
```
Unlike the `Rack::Timeout` case in #591467, `GRPC::DeadlineExceeded` **is** a `StandardError`, so `process_build`'s existing `rescue StandardError` catches it and drops the build via `scheduler_failure!`. The handling works as designed — the problem is that a transient Gitaly deadline on an approval-rule lookup is allowed to fail job delivery at all.
## Evidence
Verified against 20 sampled jobs from the event: **20/20** `failed` with `failure_reason=scheduler_failure`, durations **10.4–13.6s**, all returning 0 bytes from the trace endpoint. That matches the median of 11.6s reported for the `scheduler_failure` cohort in #616307.
Pipeline-level confirmation via the jobs API — these pipelines are almost purely this failure:
| Pipeline | `scheduler_failure` jobs |
|---|---|
| 2757688679 | 100 / 100 failed |
| 2756940824 | 50 / 52 failed (other 2 `script_failure`) |
Daily counts, `code_owners`-frame Gitaly deadlines on `jobs/request` for `gitlab-org/gitlab`, 2026-08-05→08-17 — only two days have any:
| Date | Count |
|---|---:|
| 2026-08-12 | 96 |
| **2026-08-13** | **1,409** |
Concentrated 09:00–18:00 UTC and spread across at least 8 pipelines (top three: 195, 141, 118 jobs), so it is not attributable to a single merge request.
Controlled for instrumentation artifact: `register_job_service`-frame exception records are present in volume on **every** day of the window (1,354–8,444/day), and `Rack::Timeout` records appear every day. Only the `code_owners` + Gitaly-deadline combination is absent outside 08-12/08-13, so the zeros are real rather than a retention or indexing gap. Fleet-wide the shape is the same (08-12 = 99, 08-13 = 1,448, with 1–2 stragglers from unrelated projects), which makes this a `gitlab-org/gitlab`-centred event rather than a global Gitaly problem.
## Why this matters beyond the one day
1. **It destroys the evidence needed to diagnose anything else.** The job produces no trace, so CI-health tooling cannot analyse it. Per #616307, five bot-opened CI-health incidents in one week closed with blank root-cause tables for exactly this reason, and `ci-alerts` has had to raise this category's alert threshold to ≥50 pipelines to keep the noise down — which also buries the signal.
2. **The failure is misattributed.** It presents as a runner/trace problem and was escalated to Runners Platform, but no runner is involved: the job never leaves the coordinator.
3. **A transient Gitaly deadline should not be fatal to job delivery.** Approval-rule state is not required to hand a build to a runner.
## Proposed fix
Make the CODEOWNERS lookup on this path resilient rather than fatal:
1. Bound the CODEOWNERS blob fetch during variable expansion with a short budget and **fail open** — if approval state cannot be resolved in time, deliver the job rather than dropping it.
2. If the build genuinely cannot be presented, prefer leaving it `pending` and returning 409 via the existing `ResultFactory.invalid` path so another runner retries, instead of dropping it to `scheduler_failure` on a transient infrastructure error.
3. Consider whether `merge_request_approval_variables` needs to resolve `approved?` eagerly during job presentation at all, given it triggers repository I/O on the hot path.
Note that per-request memoization **already exists** (`RequestStore` in `CodeOwners::Loader#code_owners_file`), so this is not a missing-cache problem — the cold first fetch inside the request is what fails. Adding caching would not address it.
## Relationship to #591467 and #606211
This is the same architectural exposure as gitlab-org/gitlab#591467 — `present_build!` performing unbounded external I/O inside the job-request window — reached through Gitaly rather than object storage, and exiting via a caught exception rather than a `Rack::Timeout`.
Worth fixing together with #591467, since a general guard around presentation-phase I/O would likely cover both. Filed separately because the exit path, failure reason, timing signature and remediation differ, and because this one has a specific measurable production event attached.
Also related: #606211 (closed) documented the same 60s/no-trace signature via a different caller; #324370 and #569685 (both closed) and #326548 (open) are the same recurring pattern of `present_build!` doing too much work on the hot path.
## Open question
What made 2026-08-13 Gitaly-deadline-prone on this repository? The spread across many pipelines points at a Gitaly-side condition or a CODEOWNERS-blob-size threshold rather than any single change. Identifying it would confirm whether other large repositories with sizeable CODEOWNERS files are exposed.
---
<sub>Investigation: Runners Platform, via `pubsub-rails-inf-gprd*` and the GitLab API. Full notes and queries in `notes/2026-08-17-no-trace-coordinator-mechanisms.md`.</sub>
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