[FF] `gate_token_exchange_endpoint` -- /api/v4/token_exchange endpoint for modular services
## Summary
This issue is to roll out the [`/api/v4/token_exchange` endpoint](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/22052) on production, currently behind the `gate_token_exchange_endpoint` feature flag (introduced in !236798).
The endpoint issues short-lived RS256 JWTs that modular services (initially Artifact Registry) verify via OIDC discovery + JWKS against the issuing instance. See the MR description for the full token shape, accepted token types, and authorization split.
- Feature flag: `gate_token_exchange_endpoint`
- Type: `gitlab_com_derisk`, default `off`
- Group: `group::authentication`
- Introduced in: gitlab-org/gitlab!236798
- Epic: gitlab-org&22052
## Owners
- Most appropriate Slack channel to reach out to: `#g_authentication`
## Expectations
### What are we expecting to happen?
- `POST /api/v4/token_exchange` becomes reachable and returns a signed JWT for the supported credential types (legacy PAT, granular PAT, project/group access tokens, OAuth bearer, CI job token).
- Deploy tokens are explicitly rejected (`401`).
- No impact on any other API surface — the flag only gates the new endpoint; when disabled the route returns `404`.
### What can go wrong and how would we detect it?
- **Signing-key / JWKS misalignment** — verifiers fail to validate tokens. Detected via AR-side verification error rates and `5xx` on the endpoint.
- **Authentication regressions on supported token types** — track `401`/`403` rates on `/api/v4/token_exchange`.
- **Increased load on `CloudConnector::Keys` / `CachingKeyLoader`** — monitor signing latency and cache hit rates.
- **Unexpected entitlement behaviour** — until the AR-owned `:access_artifact_registry_service` Ability lands (work-item #599081), the policy check is a `TODO` placeholder; watch for unintended access.
Relevant dashboards: API endpoint dashboards on https://dashboards.gitlab.net (filter by `/api/:version/token_exchange`).
## Rollout Steps
Note: Run chatops commands in the Slack channel impacted by the command.
### Rollout on non-production environments
- Verify the MR is merged to `master` and deployed to non-production: `/chatops gitlab run auto_deploy status <merge-commit>`
- [x] Enable the feature globally on non-production environments: `/chatops gitlab run feature set gate_token_exchange_endpoint true --dev --pre --staging --staging-ref`
- [ ] Verify that token exchange works on `staging-canary` against the AR verifier.
- [ ] If end-to-end tests fail, disable the flag on staging to avoid blocking deployments.
### Specific rollout on production
- Ensure the feature MRs are deployed to both production and canary: `/chatops gitlab run auto_deploy status <merge-commit>`
- [ ] Enable for internal users first: `/chatops gitlab run feature set --feature-group=gitlab_team_members gate_token_exchange_endpoint true`
- [ ] Verify the endpoint mints valid tokens for an internal user.
### Preparation before global rollout
- [ ] Confirm the milestone on this rollout issue.
- [ ] Check if the change needs a [change management issue](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/infrastructure-platforms/change-management/#feature-flags-and-the-change-management-process); cross-link if so.
- [ ] Ensure DRI availability for at least 2 hours after a production flag flip; notify `@sre-oncall` if exception needed.
- [ ] Ensure documentation exists and the [version history text](https://docs.gitlab.com/development/documentation/feature_flags/#add-history-text) is updated.
- [ ] Notify `#support_gitlab-com` and the team channel.
### Global rollout on production
- [ ] [Incrementally roll out](https://docs.gitlab.com/development/feature_flags/controls/#process) the feature on production.
- Example: `/chatops gitlab run feature set gate_token_exchange_endpoint <percentage> --actors`
- Wait at least 15 minutes between steps and monitor https://dashboards.gitlab.net.
- [ ] After 100% enabled, wait at least one day before releasing the feature.
### Release the feature
- [ ] Create an MR removing the `gate_token_exchange_endpoint` flag:
- Remove all references to the flag from the codebase.
- Remove the YAML definition.
- [ ] Ensure the cleanup MR is in the release package: `/chatops gitlab run release check <mr-url> <milestone>`
- [ ] After the cleanup MR is deployed to production, clean up the flag: `/chatops gitlab run feature delete gate_token_exchange_endpoint --dev --pre --staging --staging-ref --production`
- [ ] Close this rollout issue.
## Rollback Steps
- [ ] Disable on production:
```
/chatops gitlab run feature set gate_token_exchange_endpoint false
```
- [ ] Disable on non-production:
```
/chatops gitlab run feature set gate_token_exchange_endpoint false --dev --pre --staging --staging-ref
```
- [ ] Delete from all environments:
```
/chatops gitlab run feature delete gate_token_exchange_endpoint --dev --pre --staging --staging-ref --production
```
issue
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