[FF] `ci_finished_builds_ch_sync_mode_split` -- Split ClickHouse sync workers into recent/backfill modes
## Summary
This issue is to roll out [the feature](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/work_items/592720) on production,
that is currently behind the `ci_finished_builds_ch_sync_mode_split` feature flag.
When enabled during backfill, it splits 5 sync workers into 2 "recent" workers (processing records from the last 7 days) and 3 "backfill" workers (processing older records), ensuring newer build data reaches ClickHouse faster.
## Owners
- Most appropriate Slack channel to reach out to: `#g_ci-platform`
- Best individual to reach out to: @narendran-kannan
## Expectations
### What are we expecting to happen?
- Recent builds (last 7 days) will be synced to ClickHouse with lower latency, as 2 dedicated workers process only recent records using `ORDER BY build_finished_at ASC, build_id ASC` with the new index
- Backfill workers (3) continue processing older historical records independently
- Overall throughput remains the same (5 total workers), but newer data is prioritized
### What can go wrong and how would we detect it?
- Sync lag could increase if the mode split causes workers to process fewer records overall. Monitor the ClickHouse sync lag dashboard.
- The new `order_by_build_finished_at` keyset ordering could have unexpected behavior with the in-operator optimization. Detect via increased error rates on `ClickHouse::CiFinishedBuildsSyncWorker`.
- If backfill workers fall behind, the backfill migration completion could be delayed. Monitor `p_ci_finished_build_ch_sync_events` table size.
## Prerequisites
- [x] Index MR merged and deployed: !226067
- [x] Verify index `index_ci_finished_build_ch_sync_events_on_mode_filter` exists in production
- [x] Code MR merged and deployed: !226068
## Rollout Steps
Note: Please make sure to run the chatops commands in the Slack channel that gets impacted by the command.
### Rollout on non-production environments
- Verify the MR with the feature flag is merged to `master` and has been deployed to non-production environments with `/chatops run auto_deploy status <merge-commit-of-your-feature>`
- [x] Enable the feature globally on non-production environments with `/chatops run feature set ci_finished_builds_ch_sync_mode_split true --dev --pre --staging --staging-ref`
- [x] Verify that the feature works as expected.
The best environment to validate the feature in is [`staging-canary`](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/infrastructure/environments/#staging-canary) as this is the first environment deployed to. Make sure you are [configured to use canary](https://next.gitlab.com/).
- [ ] If the feature flag causes end-to-end tests to fail, disable the feature flag on staging to avoid blocking [deployments](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/deployments-and-releases/deployments/).
- See [`#e2e-run-staging` Slack channel](https://gitlab.enterprise.slack.com/archives/CBS3YKMGD) and look for the following messages:
- test kicked off: `Feature flag ci_finished_builds_ch_sync_mode_split has been set to true on **gstg**`
- test result: `This pipeline was triggered due to toggling of ci_finished_builds_ch_sync_mode_split feature flag`
If you encounter end-to-end test failures and are unable to diagnose them, you may reach out to the [`#s_developer_experience` Slack channel](https://gitlab.enterprise.slack.com/archives/C07TWBRER7H) for assistance. Note that end-to-end test failures on `staging-ref` [don't block deployments](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/infrastructure/environments/staging-ref/#how-to-use-staging-ref).
### Before production rollout
- [ ] If the change is significant and you wanted to announce in [#whats-happening-at-gitlab](https://gitlab.enterprise.slack.com/archives/C0259241C), it best to do it before rollout to `gitlab-org/gitlab-com`.
### Specific rollout on production
For visibility, all `/chatops` commands that target production must be executed in the [`#production` Slack channel](https://gitlab.slack.com/archives/C101F3796)
and cross-posted (with the command results) to the responsible team's Slack channel.
- Ensure that the feature MRs have been deployed to both production and canary with `/chatops run auto_deploy status <merge-commit-of-your-feature>`
- [ ] Enable for all internal users: `/chatops run feature set --feature-group=gitlab_team_members ci_finished_builds_ch_sync_mode_split true`
- [ ] Verify that the feature works for the specific actors.
### Preparation before global rollout
- [x] Set a milestone to this rollout issue to signal for enabling and removing the feature flag when it is stable.
- [ ] Check if the feature flag change needs to be accompanied with a
[change management issue](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/infrastructure-platforms/change-management/#feature-flags-and-the-change-management-process).
Cross link the issue here if it does.
- [ ] Ensure that you or a representative in development can be available for at least 2 hours after feature flag updates in production.
If a different developer will be covering, or an exception is needed, please inform the oncall SRE by using the `@sre-oncall` Slack alias.
- [ ] Notify the [`#support_gitlab-com` Slack channel](https://gitlab.slack.com/archives/C4XFU81LG) and your team channel ([more guidance when this is necessary in the dev docs](https://docs.gitlab.com/development/feature_flags/controls/#communicate-the-change)).
### Global rollout on production
For visibility, all `/chatops` commands that target production must be executed in the [`#production` Slack channel](https://gitlab.slack.com/archives/C101F3796)
and cross-posted (with the command results) to the responsible team's Slack channel.
- [ ] [Incrementally roll out](https://docs.gitlab.com/development/feature_flags/controls/#process) the feature on production.
- `/chatops run feature set ci_finished_builds_ch_sync_mode_split 50 --actors`
- Between every step wait for at least 15 minutes and monitor the appropriate graphs on https://dashboards.gitlab.net.
- [x] `/chatops run feature set ci_finished_builds_ch_sync_mode_split 100 --actors`
- [x] After the feature has been 100% enabled, wait for [at least one day before releasing the feature](#release-the-feature).
### Release the feature
After the feature has been [deemed stable](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/product-development-flow/feature-flag-lifecycle/#including-a-feature-behind-feature-flag-in-the-final-release),
the [clean up](https://docs.gitlab.com/development/feature_flags/controls/#cleaning-up)
should be done as soon as possible to permanently enable the feature and reduce
complexity in the codebase.
You can either [create a follow-up issue for Feature Flag Cleanup](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/new?issuable_template=Feature%20Flag%20Cleanup)
or use the checklist below in this same issue.
- [x] Create a merge request to remove the `ci_finished_builds_ch_sync_mode_split` feature flag. Ask for review/approval/merge as usual. The MR should include the following changes:
- Remove all references to the feature flag from the codebase.
- Remove the YAML definitions for the feature from the repository.
- [x] Ensure that the cleanup MR has been included in the release package.
If the merge request was deployed before [the monthly release was tagged](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/releases/#self-managed-releases-1),
the feature can be officially announced in a release blog post: `/chatops run release check <merge-request-url> <milestone>`
- [x] Close [the feature issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/work_items/592720) to indicate the feature will be released in the current milestone.
- [x] Once the cleanup MR has been deployed to production, clean up the feature flag from all environments by running these chatops command in `#production` channel: `/chatops run feature delete ci_finished_builds_ch_sync_mode_split --dev --pre --staging --staging-ref --production`
- [x] Close this rollout issue.
## Rollback Steps
- [ ] This feature can be disabled on production by running the following Chatops command:
```
/chatops run feature set ci_finished_builds_ch_sync_mode_split false
```
- [ ] Disable the feature flag on non-production environments:
```
/chatops run feature set ci_finished_builds_ch_sync_mode_split false --dev --pre --staging --staging-ref
```
- [ ] Delete feature flag from all environments:
```
/chatops run feature delete ci_finished_builds_ch_sync_mode_split --dev --pre --staging --staging-ref --production
```
## Related
- Feature issue: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/work_items/592720
- Index MR: !226067
- Code MR: !226068
issue
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