gitaly: Make Gitaly client retries configurable in installation methods
## Make Gitaly Client Retries Configurable
### Description
Based on the discussion in [gitlab-org/gitaly#6615](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitaly/-/issues/6615#note_2959360135), we need to make Gitaly client retries configurable so they can be properly configured through the following components:
* Helm Chart: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/charts/gitlab/-/merge_requests/4725
* GDK:
* https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/-/merge_requests/5697
* https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/-/merge_requests/5571
* Omnibus: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/-/merge_requests/9015
### Requirements
Make Gitaly client retry settings configurable in the `gitlab.rb` file
* https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/217216
* https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/221334
issue