Improve logging of "Internal API unreachable" / "api/v4/internal/authorized_keys" events
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## What is the GitLab engineering productivity problem to solve?
GitLab Shell usually [logs `gl_project_path`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-shell/-/blame/v13.15.1/internal/handler/exec.go#L87-92). However, in case of `Internal API unreachable` events for requests to `api/v4/internal/authorized_keys` that field is not logged (and nothing else, which a customer could easily provide).
See [these examples in our GitLab.com logs](https://log.gprd.gitlab.net/goto/709f09f0-454e-11ed-b0ec-930003e0679c): No ID-able information, except for the `key` parameter. Using the first part of the key, up to the first `+` for example seems to be helpful for finding specific events, though.
Supporting customers who report such problems or `Permission denied (publickey)` errors would get easier, if Gitaly/GitLab-Shell logs contained more details about those requests.
### Problem identification checklist
- [x] The root cause of the problem is identified.
- [x] The surface of the problem is as small as possible.
## What are the potential solutions?
- Add [relevant fields](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/v15.4.2-ee/doc/administration/logs/index.md#gitlab-shelllog) to the `Internal API unreachable` event log
- And/or add details to [the `connection: initServerConn: failed to initialize SSH connection` error](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-shell/-/blob/v14.12.0/internal/sshd/connection.go#L71-79)
- [ ] All potential solutions are listed.
- [ ] A solution has been chosen for the first iteration: `PUT THE CHOSEN SOLUTION HERE`
## Verify that the solution has improved the situation
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Ideally, looking at the charts from the first part, we should see an improvement
after the implementation is merged/deployed/released.
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- [ ] The solution improved the situation.
- If yes, check this box and close the issue. Well done! :tada:
- Otherwise, create a new "Productivity Improvement" issue. You can re-use the description from this issue, but another solution should be chosen this time.
issue