Add asynchronous endpoint for changelog generation
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Follow-up for https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/340941
### Problem
The changelog API has [a hard limit of 15000 commits](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/api/repositories.html#add-changelog-data-to-a-changelog-file).
### Proposal
* Add an asynchronous API endpoint for changelog generation. It will allow us to control the workload and create changelogs from unlimited commits' ranges.
* [Update usages of changelog API](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/release-tools/blob/master/lib/release_tools/public_release/gitlab_release.rb) ([see comment](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/340941#note_999332018))
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