Add strategy to switch write to new partitions based on the time

What does this MR do and why?

This is to add time-based strategy to switch write to new partitions.

References

Screenshots or screen recordings

Before	After

How to set up and validate locally

• Enable the feature if not yet

  Feature.enable(:ci_time_based_partitioning)

• Make sure all partitions are created

  Database::PartitionManagementWorker.perform_inline
  Ci::PartitioningWorker.perform_inline

• Confirm the current partition:

  Ci::Partition.current.id

• Make sure current partition record has value for current_from

  current_partition = Ci::Partition.current
  current_partition.current_from ||= Time.current
  current_partition.save!

• Make sure partition records after current partition should be in ready status:

  Ci::Partition.id_after(current_partition.id).update_all(status: Ci::Partition.statuses[:ready])

• Change settings to time-based strategy:

  settings = ApplicationSetting.first
  settings.ci_partitions_creation_strategy = 'time'
  settings.ci_partitions_time_window = '1 minute'
  settings.save!

• Run create and sync service:

  Ci::Partitions::SetupDefaultService.new.execute
  
  ci_partition_current = Ci::Partition.current
  return unless ci_partition_current
  
  Ci::Partitions::CreateService.new(ci_partition_current).execute
  Ci::Partitions::SyncService.new(ci_partition_current).execute

• Check the current partition and see if it's increased by 1

  Ci::Partition.current.id

MR acceptance checklist

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Related to #577314