gitaly: Make Gitaly client retries configurable in installation methods

Make Gitaly Client Retries Configurable

Description

Based on the discussion in gitlab-org/gitaly#6615, we need to make Gitaly client retries configurable so they can be properly configured through the following components:

• Helm Chart: gitlab-org/charts/gitlab!4725 (merged)
• GDK:
  • gitlab-development-kit!5697 (closed)
  • gitlab-development-kit!5571 (merged)
• Omnibus: omnibus-gitlab!9015

Requirements

Make Gitaly client retry settings configurable in the gitlab.rb file

• !217216 (merged)
• !221334 (merged)