Backport "Simplify db:check-schema CI job"

Problem Statement

The db:check-schema CI job performance fix implemented in !197855 (merged) significantly improved execution time on the master branch, but stable/revert branches are still experiencing the original performance issues. This creates inconsistent CI performance across branches and slows down backport workflows.

Goal

Backport the db:check-schema performance optimization from !197855 (merged) to stable branches to ensure consistent CI performance across all branch types.