Allow deploy token to push to protected branches like deploy keys for instances with SSH disabled

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In branch protection rules it is possible to select an existing SSH deploy key to grant it permissions to push to protected branches.

This is very useful for doing maintenance from CI on projects where developers should not be able to push in normal circumstances.

However that is only possible on GitLab instances where SSH can be used, while some instances may only provide HTTPS access (which I generally prefer as well).

GitLab has deploy tokens that could be used in this case, using the same approach over HTTPS, but they actually lack the ability to push to protected branches