Backend: Add shorthand syntax for semantic versioning

Summary

Support shorthand referencing for semantic versioning, like so:

include:
  - component: gitlab.com/group1/project1/component1@1

Proposal

For 1 -> it will return the latest version of the minor OR patch for version 1

For 1.1 -> it will return the latest patch (or minor if no patch)

Confirm purpose and User Reception (how does this benefit the user?)

Additional details

Some relevant technical details, if applicable, such as:

• Does this need a feature flag?
• Does there need to be an associated instrumentation issue created related to this work?
• Is there an example response showing the data structure that should be returned (new endpoints only)?
• What permissions should be used?
• Is this EE or CE?
  • EE
  • CE
• Additional comments:

Links/References