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Malicious Runner Attachment via GraphQL

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HackerOne report #1969599 by yvvdwf on 2023-05-02, assigned to @rshambhuni:

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Hi,

This GraphQL endpoint allows to associate a runner to a project without checking whether the current user has permission on the project. It leads to the ability to assign a (malicious) runner to any project. Consequently this is a possible attack vector to "steal" runner jobs.

Step to reproduce

  1. Prepare: as victim, to create a private project. Note the project ID, e.g., 111111111.

  2. As attacker:

    1.1 In an existing project, or create a new one, go to Settings/CI/CD/Runners. Follow the steps in Project runnersto setup a runner for this project.

    1.2. After registering the runner, edit it by unchecking Lock to current projects, then click Save changes

    1.3. Note the ID of the runner, e.g., 999999999

    1.4. Open https://gitlab.com/-/graphql-explorer, and run the following query after replacing IDs of your runner and victim project:

mutation  {  
  runnerUpdate(input:{id: "gid://gitlab/Ci::Runner/999999999",   
    associatedProjects: ["gid://gitlab/Project/111111111"]  
  }){  
  	runner {  
      ownerProject {fullPath}  
    }  
    errors  
	}  
}

  1. As the victim, open the private project and goto Settings/CI/CD/Runners. You should see that the runner is now in the list of Assigned project runners

    2.1 Add .gitlab-ci.yml file to the project, if it does not exist, using the following content:

build-job:  
  script:  
    - echo "This script will be runned in a malicious runner"

2.2 When going to CI/CD/Jobs, you should see that the job is executed by the runner above

Impact

The impact should be similar with CVE-2022-0735 (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N, 9.6).. That is, an unauthorized user is able to steal runner jobs which are used to uncover private information, such as, project code, CI/CD job tokens

How To Reproduce

Please add reproducibility information to this section: