Add support for K8s v1.23

Scope

This issue is part of a bigger development effort described in detail by its epic. The scope of this issue is to add support for Kubernetes 1.23.

Release notes

If you use Kubernetes, GitLab wants to ensure you have full functionality when upgrading your clusters to the most recent Kubernetes version. While many of you use GitLab to deploy your Kubernetes clusters, until recently, there was no official support for Kubernetes 1.23. This release fully supports all of the Kubernetes-related features from those versions.

Actions

• Cluster management project template: Nothing
• Auto DevOps: Update our helper image and its version in the test matrix
• Documentation: Update supported cluster versions
• [-] Secure: Secure K8s-related features are tested (replaced by #365224 (closed))

References

• https://kubernetes.io/blog/2021/12/07/kubernetes-1-23-release-announcement/