Investigate invalid chunks and chunks migration exception

Description

After rolling out cloud native build logs in gitlab-org/gitlab project we saw an increase in Ci::BuildTraceChunk::FailedToPersistDataError exception rate - https://sentry.gitlab.net/gitlab/gitlabcom/issues/1877775:

chunks_exceptions_rate_sentry

This seems to correspond with invalid chunks rate too (around 1 chunk per 2 minutes, around 30 chunks per hours):

invalid_chunks_rate_minute

Proposal

First step to solve this is to extend the exception message to describe the context of the exception better. This has been done in !44007 (merged) ✔

Edited by Grzegorz Bizon | on PTO until August 19th