Use state machine for all the registries

Problem

This is needed to make states obvious and the code easier to understand.

See https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ee/merge_requests/3809#note_192774960

Proposal

• Refactor each Registry class to use a state machine. This is already done for DesignRegistry and ContainerRepositoryRegistry.
  • ProjectRegistry < BaseRegistry <= Maybe leave this alone
  • JobArtifactRegistry < BaseRegistry
  • FileRegistry < BaseRegistry (inherited by LFS and Upload, but they will split in #10067 (closed))
    • LfsObjectRegistry < FileRegistry
    • UploadRegistry < FileRegistry
• Consider Syncable, which has some scopes related to sync state.
• Consider code reuse between Registry classes (this has implications for ease of replicating and verifying new data types)