DinD - Cannot connect to the Docker daemon. Is the docker daemon running on this host?

NOTE: The official documentation for this topic is updated at https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/docker/using_docker_build.html#use-docker-in-docker-workflow-with-docker-executor. Consider taking a look there as well.

---

I'm trying to get the docker in docker build to work. But every time I end up with Cannot connect to the Docker daemon. Is the docker daemon running on this host?. I did also try the gitlab/dind:latest.

Do I miss anything? Thanks in advance.

config.toml

oncurrent = 1
check_interval = 0

[[runners]]
  name = "##########"
  url = "##########"
  token = "##########"
  executor = "docker"
  [runners.docker]
    tls_verify = false
    image = "docker:latest"
    privileged = true
    disable_cache = false
    volumes = ["/cache"]
  [runners.cache]

.gitlab-ci.yml

image: docker:latest
# When using dind, it's wise to use the overlayfs driver for
# improved performance.
variables:
  DOCKER_DRIVER: overlay
services:
- docker:dind
before_script:
- docker info
build:
  script: 
   - docker build -t bla/bla .
   - docker login -u $DOCKER_USER -p $DOCKER_PASSWORD
   - docker push

Output:

Running with gitlab-ci-multi-runner 1.8.1 (a2efdd4)
Using Docker executor with image docker:latest ...
Pulling docker image docker:dind ...
Starting service docker:dind ...
Waiting for services to be up and running...
Using locally found image version with exactly the same ID
Pulling docker image docker:latest ...
Running on runner-714b8171-project-45-concurrent-0 via v22014031196817311...
Fetching changes...
HEAD is now at e523e0c Update .gitlab-ci.yml
From #####
   e523e0c..48c7bfb  master     -> origin/master
Checking out 48c7bfb8 as master...
$ docker info
Cannot connect to the Docker daemon. Is the docker daemon running on this host?
ERROR: Build failed: exit code 1

Output with gitlab/dind:latest

Running with gitlab-ci-multi-runner 1.8.1 (a2efdd4)
Using Docker executor with image gitlab/dind:latest ...
Using locally found image version with exactly the same ID
Pulling docker image gitlab/dind:latest ...
Running on runner-714b8171-project-45-concurrent-0 via v22014031196817311...
Fetching changes...
HEAD is now at e523e0c Update .gitlab-ci.yml
Checking out e523e0c7 as master...
ln: failed to create symbolic link '/sys/fs/cgroup/systemd/name=systemd': Operation not permitted
Timed out trying to connect to internal docker host.
$ docker info
Cannot connect to the Docker daemon. Is the docker daemon running on this host?
ln: failed to create symbolic link '/sys/fs/cgroup/systemd/name=systemd': Operation not permitted
Timed out trying to connect to internal docker host.
ERROR: Build failed: exit code 1