Update debian images to use bookworm instead of bullseye

Debain bookworm (12) was released in 2023-06 and is the current stable Debian.

We need to provide bookworm based base images and update their references in projects that use them in CI.

Acceptance Criteria

  1. Add bookworm images !750 (merged)
  2. Identify the projects where the images need to be updated
  3. Update the images
Edited by Clemens Beck