Update to Go 1.24

Summary

The latest Go release, version 1.24, arrives in February 2025, six months after Go 1.23. Most of its changes are in the implementation of the toolchain, runtime, and libraries. As always, the release maintains the Go 1 promise of compatibility. We expect almost all Go programs to continue to compile and run as before.

https://go.dev/doc/go1.24

Acceptance Criteria

• Create Operator builder image with Go 1.24
  • Add Go 1.24 build image for Operator (gitlab-org/gitlab-build-images!931 - merged)
• Build, test and release the Operator with Go 1.24
  • Update Go from 1.23.7 to 1.24.1 (!1110 - merged)