Move Prometheus metrics collection from Arduino Sensor into its own go-system-observer sensor

Enhancement proposal

Release notes

Problem to solve

The Arduino IoT Collector as a sensor was previously an "All In One" Observability sensor. The code was imported from https://gitlab.com/gitlab-da/use-cases/ai/gitlab-duo-agent-platform/challenges/challenge-cpp-observability-sensor but requires cleanup.

It should be extracted/removed from the Arduino sensor and moved into its own sensor implementation, leveraging the new framework.

Environment information

• OS (Linux/Unix, macOS, Windows) and version: any
• Metrics type (Prometheus, file, Arduino, other hardware sensors): Prometheus

Proposal

The goal is to create a specific go-prometheus-sensor which collects data from Prometheus endpoints (port 9200). It should follow the ideas from the original collector, but is open for enhancements.

The programming language should use Go, which can leverage Prometheus client libraries as well.