feat: add caching for go modules for faster builds

mentioned in commit c69f73ac

mentioned in merge request gitlab-org/release-tools!3416 (merged)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-org/modelops/ai-model-validation-and-research/ai-evaluation/prompt-library!704 (merged)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-com/runbooks!7811 (closed)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-com/gl-infra/platform/runway/example-service!90 (merged)

mentioned in merge request infradev-report!134 (merged)

mentioned in merge request common-ci-tasks-images!367 (merged)

mentioned in merge request label-wrangler!22 (merged)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-org/modelops/applied-ml/code-suggestions/ai-assist!1265 (merged)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-com/content-sites/handbook-tools/hugolint!29 (merged)

mentioned in merge request !697 (merged)

mentioned in merge request woodhouse!485 (merged)

mentioned in merge request apps-script-scripts!5 (closed)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-com/gl-infra/k8s-mgmt/clusters!25 (merged)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-com/gl-infra/platform/runway/runwayctl!462 (merged)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-com/gl-infra/platform/gitlab-issue-report-kit!44 (merged)

mentioned in merge request asdf-promtool!53 (merged)

mentioned in merge request jsonnet-tool!157 (closed)

mentioned in merge request fluentd-docker!70 (closed)

mentioned in merge request es-diagnostics!18 (closed)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-com/gl-infra/gitlab-dedicated/library/pg-slowlog-extractor!38 (merged)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-com/gl-infra/gitlab-dedicated/library/terraform/cloudwatch_log_export!221 (merged)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-com/gl-infra/gitlab-dedicated/library/terraform/terraform-gitlab-aws-oidc!34 (merged)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-com/gl-infra/gitlab-dedicated/library/terraform/google-privileged-access-manager!14 (merged)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-org/cells/topology-service!62 (closed)

mentioned in merge request gitlab-org/modelops/applied-ml/code-suggestions/ai-assist!1587 (closed)

mentioned in merge request es-diagnostics!21