databases/sqlite3: Update to 3.40.0

ChangeLog: https://www.sqlite.org/releaselog/3_40_0.html

 * Add support for compiling SQLite to WASM and running it in web browsers.
 * Add the recovery extension that might be able to recover some content from a
   corrupt database file.
 * Query planner enhancements:
 * A new typedef named sqlite3_filename is added and used to represent the name
   of a database file.
 * Add the sqlite3_value_encoding() interface.
 * Security enhancement: SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE is augmented to prohibit
   changing the schema_version.
 * Enhancements to the PRAGMA integrity_check statement:
 * Enhance the VACUUM INTO statement so that it honors the PRAGMA synchronous
   setting.
 * Enhance the sqlite3_strglob() and sqlite3_strlike() APIs
 * Provide the new SQLITE_MAX_ALLOCATION_SIZE compile-time option for limiting
   the size of memory allocations.
 * Change the algorithm used by SQLite's built-in pseudo-random number
   generator (PRNG) from RC4 to Chacha20.
 * Allow two or more indexes to have the same name as long as they are all in
   separate schemas.
 * Miscellaneous performance optimizations result in about 1% fewer CPU cycles
   used on typical workloads.

PR:		268012
Reported by:	pavelivolkov@gmail.com (maintainer)